import json
from collections import UserList

from django.conf import settings
from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.forms.renderers import get_default_renderer
from django.utils import timezone
from django.utils.html import escape, format_html_join
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _


def pretty_name(name):
    """Convert 'first_name' to 'First name'."""
    if not name:
        return ''
    return name.replace('_', ' ').capitalize()


def flatatt(attrs):
    """
    Convert a dictionary of attributes to a single string.
    The returned string will contain a leading space followed by key="value",
    XML-style pairs. In the case of a boolean value, the key will appear
    without a value. It is assumed that the keys do not need to be
    XML-escaped. If the passed dictionary is empty, then return an empty
    string.

    The result is passed through 'mark_safe' (by way of 'format_html_join').
    """
    key_value_attrs = []
    boolean_attrs = []
    for attr, value in attrs.items():
        if isinstance(value, bool):
            if value:
                boolean_attrs.append((attr,))
        elif value is not None:
            key_value_attrs.append((attr, value))

    return (
        format_html_join('', ' {}="{}"', sorted(key_value_attrs)) +
        format_html_join('', ' {}', sorted(boolean_attrs))
    )


class RenderableMixin:
    def get_context(self):
        raise NotImplementedError(
            'Subclasses of RenderableMixin must provide a get_context() method.'
        )

    def render(self, template_name=None, context=None, renderer=None):
        return mark_safe((renderer or self.renderer).render(
            template_name or self.template_name,
            context or self.get_context(),
        ))

    __str__ = render
    __html__ = render


class RenderableFormMixin(RenderableMixin):
    def as_p(self):
        """Render as <p> elements."""
        return self.render(self.template_name_p)

    def as_table(self):
        """Render as <tr> elements excluding the surrounding <table> tag."""
        return self.render(self.template_name_table)

    def as_ul(self):
        """Render as <li> elements excluding the surrounding <ul> tag."""
        return self.render(self.template_name_ul)


class RenderableErrorMixin(RenderableMixin):
    def as_json(self, escape_html=False):
        return json.dumps(self.get_json_data(escape_html))

    def as_text(self):
        return self.render(self.template_name_text)

    def as_ul(self):
        return self.render(self.template_name_ul)


class ErrorDict(dict, RenderableErrorMixin):
    """
    A collection of errors that knows how to display itself in various formats.

    The dictionary keys are the field names, and the values are the errors.
    """
    template_name = 'django/forms/errors/dict/default.html'
    template_name_text = 'django/forms/errors/dict/text.txt'
    template_name_ul = 'django/forms/errors/dict/ul.html'

    def __init__(self, *args, renderer=None, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.renderer = renderer or get_default_renderer()

    def as_data(self):
        return {f: e.as_data() for f, e in self.items()}

    def get_json_data(self, escape_html=False):
        return {f: e.get_json_data(escape_html) for f, e in self.items()}

    def get_context(self):
        return {
            'errors': self.items(),
            'error_class': 'errorlist',
        }


class ErrorList(UserList, list, RenderableErrorMixin):
    """
    A collection of errors that knows how to display itself in various formats.
    """
    template_name = 'django/forms/errors/list/default.html'
    template_name_text = 'django/forms/errors/list/text.txt'
    template_name_ul = 'django/forms/errors/list/ul.html'

    def __init__(self, initlist=None, error_class=None, renderer=None):
        super().__init__(initlist)

        if error_class is None:
            self.error_class = 'errorlist'
        else:
            self.error_class = 'errorlist {}'.format(error_class)
        self.renderer = renderer or get_default_renderer()

    def as_data(self):
        return ValidationError(self.data).error_list

    def copy(self):
        copy = super().copy()
        copy.error_class = self.error_class
        return copy

    def get_json_data(self, escape_html=False):
        errors = []
        for error in self.as_data():
            message = next(iter(error))
            errors.append({
                'message': escape(message) if escape_html else message,
                'code': error.code or '',
            })
        return errors

    def get_context(self):
        return {
            'errors': self,
            'error_class': self.error_class,
        }

    def __repr__(self):
        return repr(list(self))

    def __contains__(self, item):
        return item in list(self)

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return list(self) == other

    def __getitem__(self, i):
        error = self.data[i]
        if isinstance(error, ValidationError):
            return next(iter(error))
        return error

    def __reduce_ex__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        # The `list` reduce function returns an iterator as the fourth element
        # that is normally used for repopulating. Since we only inherit from
        # `list` for `isinstance` backward compatibility (Refs #17413) we
        # nullify this iterator as it would otherwise result in duplicate
        # entries. (Refs #23594)
        info = super(UserList, self).__reduce_ex__(*args, **kwargs)
        return info[:3] + (None, None)


# Utilities for time zone support in DateTimeField et al.

def from_current_timezone(value):
    """
    When time zone support is enabled, convert naive datetimes
    entered in the current time zone to aware datetimes.
    """
    if settings.USE_TZ and value is not None and timezone.is_naive(value):
        current_timezone = timezone.get_current_timezone()
        try:
            if (
                not timezone._is_pytz_zone(current_timezone) and
                timezone._datetime_ambiguous_or_imaginary(value, current_timezone)
            ):
                raise ValueError('Ambiguous or non-existent time.')
            return timezone.make_aware(value, current_timezone)
        except Exception as exc:
            raise ValidationError(
                _('%(datetime)s couldn’t be interpreted '
                  'in time zone %(current_timezone)s; it '
                  'may be ambiguous or it may not exist.'),
                code='ambiguous_timezone',
                params={'datetime': value, 'current_timezone': current_timezone}
            ) from exc
    return value


def to_current_timezone(value):
    """
    When time zone support is enabled, convert aware datetimes
    to naive datetimes in the current time zone for display.
    """
    if settings.USE_TZ and value is not None and timezone.is_aware(value):
        return timezone.make_naive(value)
    return value